Patterns in transboundary aquifer governance: comparative analysis of eight case studies from the perspective of efficacy

We performed a comparative analysis of eight case studies worldwide from the perspective transboundary aquifer governance efficacy. First, we mapped variation in institutional design, applying design criteria four dimensions linked to The OECD Principles on Water Governance. then identified explanatory factors: (1) physical variables, including size and hydrogeological characteristics; (2) watershed groundwater exploitation capacity water transfer infrastructure; (3) political factors, international donor support. found that efficacy is closely problem structure less attributable presence specific contextual variables.